Pevans

About Pevans

To Win Just Once magazine

Reviews and articles

Games from Pevans logo

Les Petites Bêtes Soyeuses
Main Index
LPBS rules (PDF 0.4 Mb)
January index
January's report
January's Press
January's Greasy Pole
January's information
January's tables
January's Points Arising

Swiggers games club

Turn-based games / play by mail

What's new

Contact Pevans

LPBS Masthead: Roland as a Musketeer

Les Petites Bêtes Soyeuses

Being a correspondence game of En Garde! run by Pevans since April 1986 and now published as part of To Win Just Once.

If you'd like to play, you'll need to subscribe to TWJO (follow the link for details). You will need a copy of the rules to En Garde! - or at least access to a copy. The additional rules for LPBS are available as a PDF document. (You will need Adobe Reader to view this: it is available free from Adobe.)

Orders for February 1678 to LPBS, 180 Aylsham Drive, Uxbridge UB10 8UF or the LPBS orders e-mail address by 20th November 2026.

Game Report for January 1678

Sections: Duels, Trials, Appointments and Regiments, What happened in Paris, What happened at the front.

The New Year bells have hardly stopped ringing before the clash of steel is heard in Paris. Yes, not even the turn of the year can prevent matters of honour being settled. Beau Taux has quite a few duels as his introduction to AD 1678. However, his first choice, against Achille d'Orbigny, has to be postponed due to "unforeseen circumstances". Chemin de Fer is his second choice. Chemin is not a big bloke, but he does have a big weapon: a cutlass. It makes Beau's rapier look rather insignificant. Still, it's not the size... Ian Dediette seconds Beau, with Claude de Nord and Marcel Hatch Dupree standing behind Chemin.

Despite being cumbersome, Chemin's cutlass parries the first lunge from the rapier. Chemin then strikes with a slash. Nothing daunted, Beau comes back with a slash of his own and then steps back to see the effect on his opponent. That'll be a "meh". This pause means Chemin's second slash matches Beau's second lunge - and deflects it. That's more than enough for Beau as he's carrying injuries from duels past and he surrenders. What's more, he's no longer fit to meet François de Blanchefort, Maurice Danseur or Vaux de Fon.

Frank X Change is the next man with a few duels on his plate. He chooses Hugo Serre as his first opponent, matching rapier against rapier. Frank has both skill and size on his side, but no-one at his side. His nominated second, Greg de Bécqueur, has not shown up. Hugo's support is Ben e'Volence. An immediate (furious) lunge sees Hugo draw blood first. However, Frank shrugs off the blow, lunges himself and accepts Hugo's surrender.

Fresh from his victory against Beau, Chemin is next to meet Frank. Again, it's cutlass versus rapier with Claude and Marcel backing Chemin. Frank has the same advantages: expertise and endurance. Defensive moves start the fight before Chemin launches a slash. Frank dodges this and strikes twice in quick succession: slash and (furious) lunge. Chemin has had enough and concedes this one.

Bandaged up, Chemin sticks around to join Hugo as seconds to Claude as he takes on Frank. Claude is not looking well at all. He only seems to realise how weak he is when he attempts to cross his sabre with Frank's rapier. He surrenders without a blow being struck, which does his social standing no good at all.

Talking of people with several duels to fight, here's usual suspect Maurice Danseur. We've already seen that he's not getting to fight Beau Taux and now his meetings with Con Stantinople and Justin Thyme are postponed. This leaves him with just Steve De Sade to cross blades with. With both men wielding sabres, the only advantage is Maurice's greater skill. Neither has a second as Claude B'Limey doesn't arrive to support Steve. Steve backs off initially, but Maurice follows him up to land a slash. Gathering himself together, Steve hits out with a slash of his own, only to be struck by Maurice's cut. Steve quickly finds a towel to throw in. (Where's your second when you need one, eh?)

Peddling potions

The next order of business is, of course, the trial of Botte Le Chimiste. He stands accused of selling unlicensed medical cures. To wit:
    1. Supplying dangerous noxious substances and
    2. Corrupting the bodies and morals of His Majesty's Subjects.

Commissioner of Public Safety Claude de Nord prosecutes, with Minister of State Rick Shaw sitting in judgement. Once the noise from the public seating has quietened down, CPS Claude states his case.

"Lords, ladies and gentle folk of Paris, I take no pleasure in bringing these charges today. BUT the time has come to bring stability to Paris," he intones, looking with reverence towards Earl Rick Shaw and bowing his head. "For too long scandalous behaviour has been tolerated," he continues. "You may be aware a warrant has been issued for the orange carbuncle Toothpick for deliberately insulting his own country and citizens. Botte Le Chimiste has added to the general steady drip, drip, drip of poison into this city."

"I speak now of a literal poison..." Claude pauses as a murmur runs round the court, "...for Botte Le Chimiste has peddled a 'cure' for all types of ills. Unfortunately, the weak willed, feeble minded and less intelligent have succumbed to his seductive sales pitch." This provokes a few outraged cries from the gallery along the lines of "Who are you calling feeble-minded" and "It worked for me."

"I obtained a sample of this so-called cure," resumes Claude, "and had a well-respected doctor analyse it. The sample contained opium-based laudanum, that may numb the pain but offer little to heal. I call my witness, Dr. Didier Bruce, who a few weekends ago treated several users who were brought to his surgery."

In the dock: the defendant nervously says he's The fussy doctor Bruce takes the stand and the oath. "G'day your lordships, sheilas and cobbers," he begins. Claude promptly stands to interject "Please excuse my witness's language, he has been travelling extensively" before re-taking his seat.

"I have observed the effects of this drug," resumes the doctor, "and would like to say the following. This drug comes with a message and that message is 'beware'. Such is the strength of the drug that victims were being fished out of the sewers and the river Seine every half an hour. The effects include slurred speech and blurred vision. Oh, and this little beaut can really open up the sluices at both ends. Users emit a pungent bouquet, similar to a fromage-maker's armpits."

After thanking the doctor, Claude sums up. "M'lud, you have heard the evidence and I would like to add the following. Botte Le Chimiste may have not meant to cause a problem but he has. If found guilty, could it be considered with a punishment you deem appropriate that future dealing of his medicine be permitted by licence only and that he can purchase said licence from the court or myself for a small fee of 50 crowns? This money can then be used to hire beds and nurses as such to help the afflicted." He concludes patriotically with "God save the King!"

Taking centre stage, Botte introduces his defence: "Your Honour, I would like to address the charges against me in detail." Rick waves permission and Botte begins.

"On the charge of supplying dangerous noxious substances, I plead not guilty. I use only the finest quality natural organic ingredients, the bounty of Mother Nature herself and I am unaware of anyone who has been harmed by my products. If you do wish to crack down on dangerous substances, may I suggest you examine the so-called 'wine' served in some of the low class drinking establishments instead." Cries of "True!" can be heard from the gallery.

"On the charge of corrupting the bodies of His Majesty's subjects," Botte continues, "I plead not guilty. I repeat my statement that no-one has been harmed by my products and, if supplying bandages and salves to His Majesty's brave soldiers is deemed to be "corrupting their bodies", I am proud to declare my guilt!"

 "On the charge of corrupting the morals of His Majesty's subjects, I also plead not guilty. I have provided products that enhance the beauty of the ladies of Paris. Do they not deserve be the most beautiful of women? If I am guilty of this, should not the dressmakers of Paris be in the dock alongside me? Are we to behave like the dour English Protestants and hide their beauty? Heavens forbid!"

"In conclusion I ask you to reject these charges against me," he finishes.

While Botte does not formally call any witnesses, Baron Elroi le Flingue strides to the front of the court, spurs ringing on the flagstones, and slaps his gauntlets down upon the rail. "My lords, I have charged cannon and sabre alike, yet never have I seen a more absurd assault than this!" he bellows. "Sir Botte le Chemiste stands accused of corrupting His Majesty's Subjects, yet what was his crime? He offered a remedy to men who had feasted too well in honour of the season, and he did it at five crowns for twenty pills, a price any honest trooper might pay! Note, gentlemen, that his own notice warned the ladies and the small of stature to abstain. Is that the conduct of a poisoner? A true villain hides his dangers; Sir Botte printed his on the very page! I have seen men fall to the surgeon's saw and the apothecary's leeches, and no one hauled them before a tribunal. I ask this court: where is the corpse? Where is the victim? Bring me one soul who took the Elixir and was harmed by it, and I shall eat my shako! Until then, I say this prosecution is smoke without fire, and any man who calls my Colonel a corruptor will answer to me, on the field of honour, at dawn!" He glowers at the CPS before making an equally noisy exit.

The intervention of Marc-Antoine Descartes is not as ostentatious as Elroi's, but he leaps to his feet in the public gallery and shouts.

"This trial is a travesty, not worth Your Excellency's time! The CPS didn't even bring up charges upon arrest, only trumping up some nonsense later. We all know that Le Chimiste works with only the highest quality natural ingredients for his potions and medicines, and they have very positive and healthy effects. This one especially..." Marc-Antoine produces an elaborately decorated flask depicting a small silver stallion on the label, "...has a very invigorating effect on a man's stamina and constitution. I will leave this to Your Excellency as evidence. Brigadier-General Le Chimiste has to be declared innocent on the spot!"

A few seats away from Marc-Antoine is Frank X Change. While he makes no interruption, he has been taking notes throughout the proceedings and can be seen sketching the image on the flask Marc-Antoine proffers to the court. Neville Moore can also be seen in the gallery, but has nothing to say.

Talking of interruptions, the latest is a trumpet fanfare outside the doors. They are thrown open to admit some 10 or so diminutive gentlemen dressed in the tangerine uniforms of the personal guard to former Commissioner of Public Safety, Marquis Toothpick. Marching in double file and endeavouring to look determinedly fierce, the little chaps brush past CPS Claude de Nord,  and file towards the front of the Court where one of their number is hefted up onto the shoulders of two others to wave a scroll and address Minister of State Earl Shaw.

"On behalf of the TRUE Commissioner of Public Safety and rightful Minister of State in waiting, the Magnificent Marquis (should be Count) Thierry Toothpick we denounce this supposed trial for the fabricated nonsense that it is and demand that it be immediately terminated. Marquis Toothpick never arrested the accused, therefore the warrant for such an arrest was invalid and the prisoner must be released forthwith, his name cleared of any criminal taint and a big fat compensatory award - paid from the pockets of this charlatan imbecile de Nord - given to him." Court staff move towards the orange ones, but are unable to stop the continuing performance.

"If anyone deserves to be on trial today it is you Earl Shaw... you... you... stain on the government and judiciary, conniving as you are with that even bigger scoundrel and convicted felon Cuckpowder. The pair of you should be freezing your proverbials off in a Bastille cell, along with the witch whore Le Fay. In fact, consider yourself arrested right now as Commissioner Toothpick has signed and issued this proper arrest warrant for you upon the charges of treason and sorcery and embezzlement and spying and... and... well, lots of other stuff - there's too much to read it all out now but you can go through it when you're sat in your cell". The spokesman passes the 'warrant' to another Tangerine who attempts to hand it to Earl Shaw.

"You're to accompany us, once the Court has been cleared, and we shall hold you under house arrest until such time as we can get the keys to the Bastille off of de Nord! Oh, and by the way, in case you were wondering, I'm Tangerine No.1 but you can call me Captain as Marquis Toothpick has honoured me with the appointment of Captain of his personal bodyguard here," he turns to survey the orange garbed comrades behind him.

The 'Captain' and his men move to release the prisoner, but there are now sufficient guards to restrain the little fellows and 'usher' them from the Court. They can be heard complaining bitterly about how TRUE Commissioner Toothpick will get to learn of this and none of you have heard the last of us...

After the trial: one secretive hand passes a bag of cash to anotherLifting his head from his hands, Minister Shaw issues his verdict. "The Minister of State appreciates the views of customers, sorry, citizens who have come forward in Le Chimiste's defence. The defendant does not deny selling potions. Unfortunately, Thierry Toothpick has shown us where depravity can lead: it might start with herbal remedies, then it will be 'milk of the poppy' and this tobacco stuff they have across the channel. I therefore find Botte Le Chimiste guilty as charged and levy a fine of 1,000 crowns to cover back taxes and cost of regulating his activity to ensure potions remain medicinal only."

No attempt is made to commute the sentence and Botte is released once he's paid.

No new Ministers

The Minister of State has some other tasks this month: dealing with the applications of Hugh Jeneaux and Thierry Toothpick for Ministers without Portfolio and from Thierry to be CPS. The last is easy as there's no vacancy and the Minister takes no time in refusing the other two. To his annoyance, the pair re-submit their applications straight away.

Marc-Antoine Descartes resigns from the Grand Duke Max's Dragoons to apply to the Dragoon Guards. He is accepted by the regiment's CO, Thierry Toothpick, and buys a Captaincy before setting off to join the regiment in action. There is then some confusion as Second Division commander Charles PiedLuminaire tries to appoint him Divisional Adjutant. Marc-Antoine is not qualified for this position, but retains his place at Charles's Aide.

Before leaving Paris, Marc-Antoine asks the Crown Prince's Aide to resign, but the influence he brings to bear is not enough to persuade the incumbent to go.

Charles Etfeevor, on the other hand, removes the Lieutenant-Colonel of the 13th Fusiliers by calling in a favour.

The King's Musketeers gets a clear-out with Chemin de Fer using his influence to remove the junior Major and Hugo Serre persuading the Lt-Colonel to quit. The resulting vacancies provide room for Hugo to buy the rank of Lt-Col and Chemin to become Major.

New Year, new parties

The place to be at the start of January is clearly Hunter's club where Neville Moore and Vera Cruz are hosts. Guests Chemin de Fer and Maurice Danseur come in for some stick from those who consider themselves of the nobility and are provoked by this duo's superior social standing. Thus Charles Etfeevor challenges both Chemin and Maurice while Steve De Sade slaps Maurice.

Claude de Nord eschews Neville's invitation to escort Jacky Tinne and join Sebastian Blanc-Cheval and Sue Briquet in another part of Hunter's. This was intended to be for Picardy Musketeers, but Sebastian is the only one there. Still, the four of them have a suitably boozy introduction to the New Year.

Chancing their arm on the gaming tables this week are Percival Puffington and Pierre Aux-Manique. In Bothwell's, Percival places a single 1,500 crown bet that he wins. This does his purse and status a world of good. Pierre is in the Frog & Peach and bets 100 crowns a time. He only wins one after he's lost four on the trot, but keeps going. He loses the next, wins another and loses another two to end up well out of pocket, but gaining a little kudos.

Who was where: other clubs

Where Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Bothwell's HF + Ella HF + Ella HF + Ella HF + Ella
  PPuf(G) + Viv   HWB HWB
      . MHD . MHD
      PPuf + Viv PPuf + Viv
      AA + Pet AA
      CPL + Agnes CPL + Agnes
         
Hunter's NM + Vera     SDS(G) + Laura
  . CE + Di      
  . FS + Fifi      
  . HS + Kathy      
  . VdF + Belle      
  . CBL + Violet      
  . DBT      
  . ElF + Lucy      
  . CdF + Henrietta      
  . MD + Madelaine      
  . SDS + Laura      
  . PL      
  . HdB      
  . LR + Maggie      
  SBC + Sue      
  . CdN + Jacky      
         
Blue Gables BT + Angelina   DJA + Lotte DJA(G) + Lotte
         
Frog & Peach PAM(G) + May PAM(G) + May PAM + May CE + Di
        PAM + May
         
Red Phillips       DBT
         
Shows who was in or outside a club: . = Toady to character above; (G) = Gambled; (id) = expected host; bold = first visit to new club; underline = first time mistress seen in public with this beau.

So, after Neville's party, what next? The answer is (mostly) the Fleur de Lys, but partygoers are split between two parties. The first is hosted by Camille de Polignac and Therèse Le Vert to look forward to the coming year - with the added attraction of "those little shrimp canapés that everyone likes". They clearly go down well with Maurice Danseur and Madelaine, as they make a point of complimenting their host on his choice of canapé. Canapés aside, Sebastian Blanc-Chevaux is a little awed to be "rubbing shoulders with the quality".

The other party in the Fleur is Louis Renault's latest get-together with Maggie Nifisent, following his fencing seminar. There should be a third, but Zeold von Tu's apologetic invitation seems to have fallen on deaf ears as no-one shows up. Well, not when he and Morgane Le Fay are actually hosting, anyway. Botte Le Chimiste is a week early and Martin de Garnache is week late! That's after Martin made a premature attempt to Toady to Camille. At least he got in to Louis's bash.

A hand rolls two dice towards the viewer from the rightCardinal's Guard commander Frank X Change makes the mistake of being in the Fleur at the same time as the parties. King's Musketeers Chemin de Fer, Claude de Nord and Hugo Serre break away from Camille's do long enough to exchange challenges. Within the party Ian Dediette (Queen's Own) and Maurice Danseur (Dragoon Guards) have words with each other. At the other bash, Beau Taux and Vaux de Fon find they have cause with each other (53rd versus Crown Prince's). And Beau renews last week's challenges to the riff-raff - now at Camille's shindig.

Pierre Aux-Manique continues his gambling at the Frog & Peach. This time he limits himself to just three 100-crown wagers after he wins two of them. He's gained just enough kudos for this month.

Who was where: the Fleur de Lys

Where Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Fleur de Lys FXC + Edna ZvT + Morgane ZvT(G) GdB + Bette
  RS + Justine FXC + Edna GdB + Bette CdP + Therèse
  GdB + Bette GdB + Bette CdP + Therèse  
  CdP + Therèse CdP + Therèse    
  JH + Cath . HS + Kathy    
    . SBC + Sue    
    . CBL + Violet    
    . BLC + Eve    
    . DBT    
    . AA    
    . ElF + Lucy    
    . CdF + Henrietta    
    . ID    
    . CdN + Jacky    
    . MD + Madelaine    
    . SDS + Laura    
    . PL    
    LR + Maggie    
    . NM + Vera    
    . CE + Di    
    . VdF + Belle    
    . HWB    
    . BT    
    . PPuf + Viv    
    . MdG + Chris    
    . RS + Justine    
    . HdB    
         
Outside Fleur de Lys BLC (ZvT)   MdG (ZvT)  
  MdG (CdP)      
         
Shows who was in or outside the Fleur: . = Toady to character above; (G) = Gambled; CP = Toadying to Crown Prince; (id) = expected host; bold = first visit to new club; underline = first time mistress seen in public with this beau.

Roll them bones

That's it for parties this month, sparking a migration to the gyms for sword practice - Elroi feels he needs it "in case Hugh Jeneaux was at a party" (which seems unlikely given Earl Jeneaux is n action this season). Arent Hayes makes a point of telling everyone that he's only practising "after long hours in FM Office". Who knew being Aide to the Field Marshal was so demanding?

Meanwhile, the big draw in the theatres is Minister of State Rick Shaw's latest, The Multicoloured Coat. Having profited from backing Rick's "D'Artagnan", Pierre Aux-Manique is happy to re-invest his money in the new play. The production also benefits from the three big hits each being closed in turn for their command performances in the Louvre. So dedicated is the Minister to his new play that he only remembers to attend on His Majesty when members of the King's Escort turn up to, um, escort him.

A hand rolls two dice towards the viewer from the leftHowever, gambling continues - though not by Pierre. At the Fleur, Zeold von Tu slaps down 500 crowns a time. Buoyed up by winning his first wager, he continues. Only to lose three in a row. He keeps going, though, and wins two more bets to end flush - but with some esteem. He can't work out whether he's drinking to drown his sorrows or to celebrate a change of fortune.

Dee Jean Aise completes his month with a flutter at Blue Gables to impress his new lady friend. He's disappointed to be restricted to the house limit of 150 crowns and even more so when he loses the bet.

Steve De Sade is at the tables in Hunter's - with Laura - and wagers 50 crowns a time. After winning three times, he's brought down by losing one. However, another two wins restore the sparkle to his smile as he ends well in profit.

Who was where: round and about

Where Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Bawdy houses MHD + FC: Mug 0   DBT + FC: Mug 0  
  HWB + FC   HdB(G 40) + FC  
  AH + FC      
  ID + FC      
         
Practising TCdS - Rapier TCdS - Rapier NM - Rapier NM - Rapier
  JdG - Rapier MHD - Cutlass CE - Rapier FS - Rapier
  BeV - Sabre AH - Sabre TCdS - Rapier TCdS - Rapier
  DJA - Sabre JdG - Rapier HS - Rapier HS - Rapier
    BeV - Sabre VdF - Sabre VdF - Sabre
    JH - Sabre SBC - Rapier SBC - Rapier
      BT - Rapier BT - Rapier
      AH - Sabre AH - Sabre
      FXC - Rapier FXC - Rapier
      CBL - Sabre CBL - Sabre
      BLC - Sabre BLC - Sabre
      JdG - Rapier JdG - Rapier
      ElF - Sabre ElF - Sabre
        MdG - Rapier
      CdF - Rapier  
      BeV - Sabre CdF - Rapier
      ID - Sabre BeV - Sabre
      CdN - Sabre ID - Sabre
      MD - Sabre CdN - Sabre
      JH - Sabre MD - Sabre
      SDS - Sabre JH - Sabre
      LR - Rapier PL - Rapier
        HdB - Sabre
        LR - Rapier
         
Attending their command performance CPL FS FS RS
    CPL RS  
         
Shows everybody else: FC = Female Companionship; Mug n = Mugged & amount lost; (G) = Gambled; Weapon = Weapon practised with. For those doing nothing: -club = not a member of a club; -Cash = insufficient funds; -SL = insufficient Social Level; ???? = unknown host.

Not to be outdone, Henri de Boudeille takes some extra crowns on his visit to the Bawdy houses. Betting 10 crowns a time, it takes five losses (and only two wins) for him to give up.

In the courting stakes, we have two winners and one loser. The latter being Balzac Slapdash, who doesn't seem to get the message that Therèse is out on the town. One of the winners is new arrival Pierre Lapin. He's quickly got into the swing of things in Paris, attending parties and then going courting with "roses galore, and a bottle of good Languedoc". Just a little rapier practice needed to complete his first month. All paid for from his nice new loan. Not to mention an unexpected gift from Claude de Nord. Louis Renault continues his giving to the needy, but in much smaller amounts.

Who was where: courting, visiting and going out

Where Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Agnes     Out Out
         
Angelina Out      
         
Belle Out Out    
         
Bette Out Out Out Out
         
Cath Out      
         
Chris   Out    
         
Di Out Out   Out
         
Edna Out Out    
         
Ella Out Out Out Out
         
Eve   Out    
         
Fifi Out      
         
Henrietta Out Out    
         
Jacky Out Out    
         
Justine Out Out    
         
Kathy Out Out    
         
Laura Out Out   Out
         
Lois     PL succeeds ex-BdV  
         
Lotte   DJA succeeds ex-BeV Out Out
         
Lucy Out Out    
         
Madelaine Out Out    
         
Maggie Out Out    
         
May Out Out Out Out
         
Morgane ZvT at home Out   ZvT at home
         
Pet AA at home   Out  
         
Sue Out Out    
         
Therèse Out Out Out Out
  BS fails BS fails BS fails BS fails
         
Vera Out Out    
         
Violet Out Out    
         
Viv Out Out Out Out
         
Shows who was with a mistress or on a doorstep: Out = Mistress with current lover; I = Indiscreet (+ mistress name); ex-id = Pinched from former lover; st.down = stood down to rivals.

Among those maintaining a low profile this month is Hector William Boone, though he does manage to buy a couple of Fleur bonds before hosting Marcel Hatch Dupree for half the month.

All quiet at the front

With French troops on the defensive this season, "Tiny" Thierry Toothpick's Dragoon Guards are patrolling the border. Thierry continues to interrogate "obviously Spanish" peasants that his patrols encounter. His reward is a few hundred crowns of backhanders fines and a Mention in Despatches ("But he isn't CPS"). The regiment's new Captain, Marc-Antoine Descartes, is zealous and promoted to Major immediately. His 'earnings' are almost enough to buy the extra horses his new rank requires. Luckily, he has the balance to hand.

Hugh Jeneaux has summoned his regiment, Archduke Leopold's Cuirassiers, to get him out of a Frontier regiment. They, too, are on patrol and a victorious encounter with an Imperial force brings their commander almost a thousand crowns' worth of loot. He is Mentioned twice ("Sound move, that" "And very profitable").

With Battalions of the Cardinal's Guard and Picardy Musketeers attached, Frontier regiment 3 should do better. Though the lack of opponents may be a factor. Be that as it may, there is still a MiD for CG Lieutenant-Colonel Come Asiouar and promotion for Subaltern Beaumes de Venise. This is not as good news as it sounds for Beaumes as he's no longer in First Battalion under Come. There's no reward for PM Lt-Col Lance A Little, but brevet Captain Pierre Newkirk has his rank confirmed.